Observational Study: Observational study is a study in which data is collected without affecting the participants.
Covariance is a measure of how two variables change together. It is calculated as the variance of the product of the two variables divided by the product of their standard deviations.
Definition of Kappa Statistic Kappa Statistic: Kappa statistic is a statistic used in machine learning and data science that measures the agreement between predicted values and observed values. Kappa statistic is calculated as the average of the absolute agreements (predicting the correct class) minus the average of the absolute disagreements (predicting the wrong class). How…
Definition of Data Engineer Data Engineer: A data engineer is a professional who creates and maintains the data pipelines that allow a company to make use of data science. Data engineers are responsible for ensuring that data is correctly collected, cleansed, and organized, so that it can be used by data scientists to glean insights…
Definition of Upstream Upstream: Upstream and Downstream are terms used in data science to describe the flow of data or what order events occur. Data is processed and becomes more refined as it moves through the various processes. Upstream is closer to the source. When discussing a specific process step, Downstream is a term that…